計畫緣起 Project origin

譯者:宋澤Martin Souza

　　本計劃由2004年開始建置甲骨文拓片數位典藏，主要處理對象是藏於史語所的甲骨文拓片，約有四萬餘件，可分為考古發掘甲骨之拓片，及購藏所得甲骨之拓片兩類。
This project began in 2004 with the establishment of the digital archive of oracle bone rubbings, an important objective of the process being storing the Institute of History and Philology's oracle bone rubbings, in excess of about forty thousand articles. They may be divided into two categories: rubbings of archaeologically excavated animal bones and tortoise shells, and rubbings of bones and shells got from purchased collections.

　　考古發掘的甲骨出土於西元1928年到1937年間，乃中央研究院歷史語言研究所在河南安陽的殷墟進行15次發掘所得，共得甲骨二萬多片，皆已整理出版。如1948年董作賓主編《小屯．第二本．殷虛文字．甲編．圖版》、《小屯．第二本．殷虛文字．乙編．圖版》、1957年張秉權主編《小屯．第二本．殷虛文字．丙編》等，建立了甲骨文拓片編排體例之典範，對於甲骨學之研究以及甲骨影像、拓片材料之流傳，居功厥偉。
Archaeologically excavated bones and shells were dug during the time between 1928 - 1937, obtained in the 15th excavation of the Yin Ruins of Anyang, Henan, by the Academia Sinica's Institute of History and Philology. Altogether more than twenty thousand pieces of shell and bone were obtained, all already arranged for publishing. In the case of the 1948 Hsiao-T'un. Volume II, Inscriptions. Part 1, Plates(《小屯．第二本．殷虛文字．甲編．圖版》) , and Hsiao-T'un. Volume II, Inscriptions. Part 2, Plates(《小屯．第二本．殷虛文字．乙編．圖版》), edited by Dong Zuobin, and the 1957 Hsiao- T'un. Volume II, Inscriptions. Part 3(《小屯．第二本．殷虛文字．丙編》), edited by Chang Ping-ch'uan, and so on, having set up the model for arranging oracle bone rubbings with regards to the oracle bone studies' research and oracle bone images, and the circulation of rubbing data, a truly great contribution was made.

　　傅斯年所長在任時，致力於收藏甲骨，墨拓成集，如1931年《院藏甲骨文》、1941年《李濟•董作賓購藏暨李啟生拾得甲骨拓片》、《史語所購藏甲骨》（待刊）。《史語所檔案》中還保存了傅先生與董作賓等人關於收購、交換及請求贈與金石拓片的往來書信資料。
During Fu Ssu-Nien 's term as Director of the Institute, he devoted his efforts toward collecting the bones and their ink rubbings and organizing them into compendia, such as the 1931 Collected Oracle Bones of Academia Sinica, the 1941 Rubbings of Oracle Bones Purchased and Collected by Li Chi and Dong Zuobin, and Found by Li Qisheng, and Oracle Bones Purchased and Collected by the Institute of History and Philology (awaiting publication). Within The Files of the Institute of History and Philology are still preserved the dealings, letters, and information of Mr. Fu, Dong Zuobin, and others concerning the acquisition, exchange, and requests for bequeathment of rubbings of bronze and stone.

　　本資料庫的拓片資料，囊括史語所傅斯年圖書館所藏甲骨文拓片18冊，及考古學門庫房所藏《善齋藏契》拓片九千多張，再加上史語所藏甲骨文拓片，總計超過四萬五千張。基於時間、人力、物力之種種考量，若有重複的拓本，我們選擇拓本最為完整、清楚者為數位掃描之底本，預計掃描之書目共十六套：
The rubbing data of this database brings together the eighteen books of oracle bone rubbings gathered by the Institute of History and Philology's Fu Ssu-Nien Library, and over nine thousand rubbings from the Archaeolog department’s storeroom collection, adding to these the Institute of History and Philology's collected oracle bone rubbings, a grand total exceeding 45,000 articles. On account of all kinds of considerations of time, manpower, and physical resources, of the volumes of reproduced rubbings, we must select the most intact and clear ones to become the basis of digital scanning. In our estimation, the bibliography to be scanned altogether comprises sixteen sets:

　　從1899年至今，甲骨的發現已有一百多年，這段時間裡，學者們前仆後繼的投入研究，取得豐碩的成果，「甲骨研究」也成為一門顯學。在早期出土材料流通不便、取得不易的情況下，拓片乃是方便傳播的文物影像複製品。數位典藏國家型科技計畫有鑑於此，於2004年初始規劃建置「甲骨文拓片資料庫」，將史語所藏甲骨拓片數位化，也希望藉此整理甲骨研究的成果以及相關學科的連結整合，以利日後相關研究的進行。本資料庫具備圖文對照功能，讀者除了能夠檢索甲骨文的基本數據和文字資訊，還能將之與拓片影像進行對照；此外，透過點選「實物資料」頁面的典藏號，可對外連結到「考古資料數位典藏資料庫」，藉此能獲得更詳盡的甲骨實物資料以及照片影像。
From 1899 to the present, it has already been more than 100 years since the discovery of the oracle bones. In this period of time, scholars' successive entry into research has obtained abundant results, and "Oracle Bone Research" has also become a noted field of study. After the initial period of excavating material, when circulation is inconvenient and progress not easy, rubbings are indeed the easily disseminated reproduction of the relics' images. The National Digital Archives Program reflects this. With the initial commencement of the "Oracle Bone Inscription Rubbing Database" program in 2004, and the digitization of the oracle bone rubbings gathered by the Institute of History and Philology, it is also hoped that through this, the systematically arranged results of oracle bone research and related branches of learning may be linked and integrated, in order to benefit the progress of tomorrow's related research. This database possesses the capability to compare images with inscriptions. Users are able to retrieve oracle bones' basic data and inscription information, as well as compare them with rubbing images. Besides this, by selecting the archive number on the "Object Information" page, they can link to the outside " Digital Archives of Archaeological Data," and using this they are able to obtain even more exhaustive information on and images of the actual oracle bone.

　　至於頁面呈現時的漢字缺字問題，中研院資訊所開發的「漢字構形資料庫」已收錄楷書、小篆、重文、金文、楚系文字。對於古文字字形的數位化，累積了充分的經驗，我們預期將合作建置「甲骨文構形資料庫」，以解決甲骨釋文的缺字問題。
As for the problem of missing Chinese characters when pages load, the "Chinese Character Composition Database" which Academia Sinica's Institute of Information Science has begun developing already includes regular script, small seal script, variant script, bronze script, and Chuxi script. In regards to the digitization of ancient character forms, abundant experience has been accumulated, and we expect that in cooperating to set up an "Oracle Bone Script Composition Database," the problem of missing characters in transcribing oracle bone script will be resolved.